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Authors
Liu, Xinzhi
Shafie, Suhaidi
Radzi, Mohd Amran Mohd
Azis, Norhafiz
Karim, Abdul Hafiz Abdul
Norddin, Nurbahirah
Lawal, Ismail
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 22 March 2024
Revised: 19 April 2025
Accepted: 12 May 2025
First Online: 30 June 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper. This statement confirms that the authors have no financial, personal, or professional affiliations that could be perceived as influencing the research or its interpretation.
