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Optimized ESS Capacity Design in DC Railway Systems Based on the Normalized Energy Saving Per Charging-Cycle Index

Published Online: 2026-01-23

Published Print: 2026-03

Authors

Lee, Hanmin

Park, Younghwan

Ohn, Jung-Ghun

Lee, Hansang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0357-1776
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (RS-2021-KA163348)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-23

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-23
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Article History

Received: 13 October 2025

Revised: 23 November 2025

Accepted: 11 December 2025

First Online: 23 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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