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Authors
Vervoort-Schel, Jessica https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9329-1617
Maas, Maudy
Kuiper, Chris https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-6288
Wissink, Inge https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4026-6618
van der Helm, Peer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-8478
Lindauer, Ramón https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-1309
Moonen, Xavier https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-9152
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Article History
Received: 9 November 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Amsterdam (protocol 2020-CDE-12868). Permission to conduct the study at the participating center was granted by site management.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participating caregivers for their own participation and on behalf of their child, as all children had moderate-to-profound intellectual disabilities precluding their ability to provide informed consent.
: Participants provided written consent for the scientific publication of de-identified quotes and case material.
: This study shows that adversity among children with moderate-to-profound intellectual disabilities starts early and spans medical, caregiving, relational and social domains, and that the way care is organized and sustained over time shapes these experiences, with resilience supported by stable, predictable co-regulation between families and professionals.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests that are relevant to the content of this article.
