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Authors
Muzingili, Taruvinga https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7406-4935
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The University of Queensland
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 22 April 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was granted by the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (MRCZ/A/2453) and relevant partner organizations. Written informed consent was obtained from caregivers, and assent from children. For unaccompanied minors, consent was provided by the Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare. All procedures followed national child protection guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. Enumerators received training in trauma-informed interviewing and safeguarding. Cases of distress or risk (e.g., suicidal ideation) triggered immediate referrals to mental health professionals. Data were anonymized and stored securely using encrypted devices and password-protected servers. Participation was voluntary, and confidentiality was strictly maintained.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
