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Authors
Erawati, Eka https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5490-0392
Aminah, Siti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-6412
Oktasari, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-0621
Folastri, Sisca https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4189-0276
Sofyan, Afriyadi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-8036
Abd Hamid, Harris Shah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-1022
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Article History
Received: 6 June 2025
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 8 June 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Research Ethics Committee of Universitas Negeri Malang, located in Malang, Indonesia, under the reference number 21.08.6/UN32.14.2.8/LT/2024. All participants provided informed consent to participate in the study and for the publication of its findings, in accordance with the applicable ethical guidelines.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
