Feijoo-Garcia, Miguel A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-9966
Zhang, Yiqun https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0958-0943
Gu, Yiyin https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6612-0563
Magana, Alejandra J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-7502
Benes, Bedrich https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5293-2112
Popescu, Voicu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8767-8724
Funding for this research was provided by:
Directorate for STEM Education (2309564, 2506783)
Directorate for Biological Sciences (2417510)
Article History
Received: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: This study has been approved by Purdue University’s Institutional Review Board under IRB-2024-57. A four-page consent form was designed to inform participants about the purpose, duration, confidentiality, benefits, risks, and other pertinent information of the study. If they chose to participate, participants first signed and dated the consent form. Participants could also withdraw at any time.
: The authors declare that this work is original and not considered to be published in any other publication media.