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An Auxiliary Hybrid Heuristic Approach for Objective Function Design Evaluation—Using Train Unit Scheduling as an Example

Published Online: 2025-08-14

Authors

Lei, Li

Kwan, Raymond

Lin, Zhiyuan
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/M007243/1, EP/M007243/1, EP/M007243/1)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-08-14

Version of Record valid from 2025-08-14
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Article History

Received: 17 September 2023

Accepted: 6 August 2025

First Online: 14 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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