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Authors
Saito, Hiroharu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0572-262X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The University of Tokyo (2022 Excellent Young Researchers Grant)
The University of Tokyo
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Article History
Received: 6 September 2024
Revised: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 9 April 2025
First Online: 21 April 2025
Declarations
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: Approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Social Science, the University of Tokyo (No. 23–24 - 144).
: All participants voluntarily participated in the survey experiment based on their own consent, after being informed that they were free to decide whether to participate and that they could withdraw at any time even after starting the questionnaire. As this was an experimental study, a brief debriefing was also provided to participants at the end of the questionnaire, which included the detailed purpose of the study and the intention of the experiment.
: The author declares no competing interests.
