Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 September 2025

Revised: 22 April 2026

Accepted: 25 April 2026

First Online: 28 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This protocol and template informed consent and assent forms were approved through an alliance agreement between the Institutional Review Boards at the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Kentucky, guided by ethical principles of the Belmont Report. Research assistants were trained in human subjects protections and the responsible conduct of research, with additional instruction from the PI on obtaining informed consent from participants. Written parental/guardian consent forms were obtained for the participants and assents forms for their participation in this study if under 18. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any time. Participants received an information sheet and paper copy of the informed consent document for their records.

: The authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its submission and publication.

: The author (s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by a grant from the Annie E. Casey Foundation. The funder did not play any role in the study design, collection management, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or the decision to submit the report to publication.