Gay, Marine http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-3600
Wang, Xiaoyu http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6307-9671
Ritzman, Todd http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-1905
Floccari, Lorena http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-5734
Schwend, Richard M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-4421
Aubin, Carl-Eric http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-008X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (PCIPJ-346145-2011)
Article History
Received: 28 November 2022
Accepted: 13 May 2023
First Online: 1 June 2023
Declarations
:
: Marine Gay and Xiaoyu Wang: supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Industrial Research Chair with Medtronic of Canada). Richard M. Schwend: consultant for Orthopediatrics (outside the scope of the study). Todd Ritzman: grant/research support and consultant for Medtronic, honorarium from Stryker/K2M Spine and stock/shareholder for Apto Orthopaedics (all outside the scope of the study). Lorena Floccari: none. Carl-Éric Aubin: supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Industrial Research Chair with Medtronic Canada), and consultant for Medtronic (outside the scope of the study).
: Approval was obtained from the ethics committees of the participating hospitals and of Polytechnique Montreal. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consents from the patients and parents were obtained.