Rajkumar, Sujay
Iyer, Rajiv R.
Stone, Lauren
Kelly, Michael P.
Plonsker, Jillian
Brandel, Michael
Gonda, David D.
Mazur, Marcus D.
Ikeda, Daniel S.
Lucas, Donald J.
Choi, Pamela M.
Ravindra, Vijay M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-7622
Funding for this research was provided by:
Naval Medical Center San Diego
Article History
Received: 4 August 2023
Accepted: 23 December 2023
First Online: 9 February 2024
Declarations
:
: All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: “The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government.” American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program and the hospitals participating in the ACS NSQIP are the sources of the data used herein; these groups have not verified and are not responsible for the statistical validity of the data analysis or the conclusions derived by the authors.
: “I am a military service member. This work was prepared as part of my official duties. Title 17, U.S.C., §105 provides that copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the U.S. Government. Title 17, U.S.C., §101 defines a U.S. Government work as a work prepared by a military service member or employee of the U.S. Government as part of that person’s official duties.”