Document is current

Article History

Received: 8 August 2023

Accepted: 13 January 2024

First Online: 12 March 2024

Declarations

:

: Dr. Sama reports royalties from Ortho Development, Corp.; private investments for Vestia Ventures MiRUS Investment, LLC, IVY II, LLC, ISPH II, LLC, ISPH 3, LLC, HS2, LLC, HSS ASC Development Network, LLC, and Centinel Spine (Vbros Venture Partners V); consulting fee from Depuy Synthes Products, Inc., Clariance, Inc., Kuros Biosciences AG, Ortho Development Corp., Medical Device Business Service, Inc.; speaking and teaching arrangements of DePuy Synthes Products, Inc.; membership of scientific advisory board of Depuy Synthes Products, Inc., Clariance, Inc., and Kuros Biosciences AG; Medical Device Business Service, Inc.and trips/travel of Medical Device Business; research support from Spinal Kinetics, Inc., outside the submitted work. Dr. Cammisa reports royalties from NuVasive, Inc. Accelus; ownership interest for 4WEB Medical/4WEB, Inc.; Healthpoint Capital Partners, LP; ISPH II, LLC; ISPH 3 Holdings, LLC; Ivy Healthcare Capital Partners, LLC; Medical Device Partners II, LLC; Medical Device Partners III, LLC; Orthobond Corporation; Spine Biopharma, LLC; Tissue Differentiation Intelligence, LLC; VBVP VI, LLC; VBVP X, LLC; Woven Orthopedics Technologies; consulting fees from 4WEB Medical/4WEB, Inc., DePuy Synthes, NuVasive, Inc., Spine Biopharma, LLC, and Synexis, LLC, Accelus; membership of scientific advisory board/other office of Healthpoint Capital Partners, Medical Device Partners II, LLC, Orthobond Corporation, Spine Biopharma, LLC, and Woven Orthopedic Technologies; and research support from 4WEB Medical/4WEB, Inc., Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Camber Spine, and Centinel Spine, outside the submitted work. Dr. Girardi reports royalties from Lanx, Inc., and Ortho Development Corp.; private investments for BCIMD; and stock ownership of Healthpoint Capital Partners, LP, outside the submitted work. Dr. Hughes reports research support from Kuros Biosciences AG and fellowship support from NuVasive, Inc. and Kuros Biosciences BV, outside the submitted work. The manuscript submitted does not contain information about medical device(s)/drug(s).

: The investigation was approved by the institutional review board. IRB#2019-2137.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.