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Authors
Mallinos, Alexandria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-6533
Pillot, Camille
Wang, Xiaoyu
Ritzman, Todd
Floccari, Lorena V.
Schwend, Richard M.
Aubin, Carl-Eric
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Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 30 July 2025
Declarations
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: Alexandria Mallinos: None. Camille Pillot: Scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Alliance University-Industry Grant with Medtronic). Xiaoyu Wang: Research grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Alliance University-Industry Grant with Medtronic). Todd Ritzman: Medtronic; OrthoPediatrics; Apto Orthopedics. Richard Schwend: OrthoPediatrics. Lorena Floccari: None. Carl–Eric Aubin: Research grants from the Scoliosis Research Society, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Alliance University-Industry Grant with Medtronic), and Medtronic. Consultant for Medtronic outside the scope of this work.
: We confirm that any aspect of the work covered in this manuscript that has involved human patients has been conducted with the ethical approval of all relevant bodies and that such approvals are acknowledged within the manuscript.
: Informed Consent was not required for this study.
