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Authors
Nugraha, Hans K.
Paradkar, Ria V.
Schueler, Beth A.
Long, Zaiyang
Hull, Nathan C.
Broski, Stephen M.
Milbrandt, Todd A.
Larson, A. Noelle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-6975
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 9 August 2025
Declarations
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: Dr. Larson is a consultant for Highridge, Orthopediatrics, DePuy Synthes, Medtronic, and Pacira, with all funds directed to Mayo Clinic. Dr. Larson and Mayo Clinic receive royalties from Globus. Dr. Milbrandt is a consultant to Medtronic, with all funds directed to Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic has patent 10667845B2, with Drs. Larson and Milbrandt as inventors, and has received research funding from Orthopediatrics and Medtronic. No conflicts of interest by any author are directly related to this study.
