Khan, Shujaa T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-4767
Pasqualini, Ignacio
Fakunle, Omolola
Qureshi, Saboor
Emara, Ahmed K.
Johnson, Cole
Mahmood, Mustafa M.
Paez, Conner J.
Rudic, Theodore
Said, Tariq
Gurd, David P.
Young, Ernest Y.
Kuivila, Thomas E.
Goodwin, Ryan C.
Article History
Received: 4 August 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
:
: R.C.G is a paid consultant at Orthopediatrics, Stryker, and Zimmer.All remaining authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
: This research study was approved by the Cleveland Clinic Institutional Review Board. It was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and with the relevant regulations of the US Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).