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Authors
Larson, Lexi M. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7381-4503
Miller, Daniel J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8848-6724
Torres-Gonzalez, Luis
Guillaume, Tenner J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-0812
Truong, Walter H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-195X
Perra, Joseph H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-396X
Krach, Linda E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0993-8199
Williams, Maykala J. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9542-1719
Morgan, Sara J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-3659
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America
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Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 17 January 2026
Declarations
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: Dr. Guillaume is a consultant for Globus, Highridge, Medtronic and OrthoPediatrics. Dr. Perra is a consultant for Medtronic. All the other authors have no relevant interests to disclose.
: A waiver of consent was granted due to the retrospective nature of the study.
: Not applicable.
: This retrospective cohort study was reviewed and approved by a University of Minnesota Institutional Review Board.
