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Authors
Mahamad, Siti Syazwani
Mohamed, Mohd Shamzi
Radzuan, Mohd Nazren
Winterburn, James
Zakaria, Mohd Rafein https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2698-615X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi (IF1019E1159)
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Article History
Received: 16 October 2025
Revised: 19 November 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known conflict of financial interest or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: No human or animal was used in this research.
: Not applicable.
