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Article History

Received: 23 June 2025

Accepted: 12 November 2025

First Online: 21 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Juan David Bernate MD, Ahmed Nageeb Mahmoud MD, PhD, and Daniel S. Horwitz MD declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. It was approved and deemed exempt under Geisinger Institutional Review (#2022-0575) on March 13, 2024.

: Given the retrospective nature of this study and the use of de-identified data, the requirement for informed patient consent was waived by the institutional review board.