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Authors
Khatib, Muhammad
Mahamid, Assil https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3676-7099
Murad, Hamza
Qawasmi, Feras
Yassin, Ali
Yassin, Mustafa
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tel Aviv University
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Article History
Received: 19 October 2025
Accepted: 26 December 2025
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, which waived the requirement for informed consent due to its retrospective nature.
: According to institutional policy at the Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (ROH), this retrospective study using fullyanonymized data did not require formal ethical approval. A waiver of ethical review was granted by the RoyalOrthopaedic Hospital in accordance with institutional guidelines. The requirement for informed consent was waiveddue to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified data. The study was conducted in accordancewith the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
