Twizeyimana, Etienne http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-3480
Shyiramunda, Theophile http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-3756
Dufitumukiza, Balthazard
Niyitegeka, Gratien
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universität Leipzig
Article History
Received: 31 December 2022
Accepted: 25 January 2024
First Online: 5 February 2024
Declarations
:
: This study does not require ethical approval based on the Rwandan context. This study, was conducted by in-service teachers in Rwanda private schools, is exempt from ethical approval where educators are permitted to engage in research without explicit permission. This exemption is warranted by recognizing that school leaders possess the authority to authorize teachers, who they oversee, to conduct research within their respective schools.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: The author has no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose.