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Authors
Blbas, Hazhar Talaat Abubaker https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5760-3019
Ali, Ahmed Naif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0893-4559
Saber, Abdulmalik Fareeq https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0300-0185
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Article History
Received: 11 October 2024
Accepted: 3 March 2025
First Online: 10 March 2025
Declarations
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: for this study was obtained from the University of Salahaddin - Hawler, College of Administration & Economics, Consolidation of Research Committee, under the ethical code 4610, on 18 August 2024.
: Oral informed consent was obtained from all participants before they filled out the questionnaires. For those completing the survey online, informed consent was required before proceeding with the survey.
: There are no reproduced materials in the current study.
: This study did not constitute a clinical trial and therefore did not require registration.
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
