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Article History

Received: 17 June 2025

Accepted: 11 September 2025

First Online: 24 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The Director of Education from the Eswatini Ministry of Education and Training granted authorization for this study. In addition, ethical principles such as informed consent, confidentiality, and voluntary involvement were followed throughout the study. Participants were fully informed about the objective of the research, their rights, and how their data would be used. They were also informed that their participation was completely voluntary and that they could withdraw at any time with no repercussions.

: Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

: The author declares that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this research study.