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Article History

Received: 19 December 2025

Accepted: 26 July 2026

First Online: 6 August 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study did not involve human participants, interventions, or the collection of sensitive personal data. Therefore, ethical approval and consent to participate were not required.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Declaration of AI and AI-assisted technologies: During the preparation of this work, the authors used Gemini (a Large Language Model developed by Google) to enhance the linguistic quality, structural consistency, and readability of the manuscript. The authors declare that this technology was utilized solely for language editing and stylistic refinement. All substantive research tasks—including data collection, metaphor identification through the MIP procedure, qualitative analysis, and the formulation of theoretical conclusions—were performed independently by the authors. The authors maintain full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the final work.

Competing Interests: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.