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Authors
Das, Dhrubajyoti
Haque, Md Senaul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7347-7374
Jahangir, Selim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-9207
Choudhury, Sneha https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1814-4024
Fatma, Kaniz https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4989-2001
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
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Article History
Received: 14 February 2026
Accepted: 4 September 2026
First Online: 16 September 2026
Declarations
Ethical statement and informed consent: The authors affirm that the study adhered to all applicable ethical standards for research and publication. This study was approved by the Department of Geography, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, India. The authors confirm that informed consent was obtained from all participants. Verbal and formal written consent were obtained from all participants before recruiting them in the study. All participants were also informed about the i) nature and purpose of the study, ii) voluntary participation iii) right to refuse or withdraw from participation and iv) confidentiality of their identity throughout the study procedure. Since the participation was voluntary, participants did not gain any financial benefit.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
