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Article History

Received: 18 May 2024

Accepted: 8 October 2024

First Online: 24 October 2024

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest that could potentially influence the research conducted or the interpretation of its results. There are no financial, personal, or professional relationships that could be perceived as biasing the findings presented in this paper.

: This study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles and guidelines. All data used in this research were obtained from publicly available sources and secondary datasets. No human subjects were directly involved in the collection of data, and therefore, no ethical approval was required for this study. The research adhered to the highest standards of integrity and transparency throughout the process of data analysis and interpretation.