li, Juan
Gao, Zhongyi
li, Xueli
Xing, Boyu
Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 3 February 2025
First Online: 31 March 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted according to the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and the Code of Conduct of the American Psychological Association (APA), which regulates research with human participants. The Ethics Committee of Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, China, approved this research under the ethical approval number ECNJXZH-2024-022.
: The respondents were informed that involvement in the study was purely voluntary. It was explained to them that their responses would be kept confidential and used solely to analyze this research.
: Participants were informed that the output of this study might be published in journals, conference proceedings, or any other accepted scholarly publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.