Lukman, Kevin Muhamad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1863-2965
Quevedo, Jay Mar D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-4462
Rifai, Husen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4370-6858
Alifatri, La Ode https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6805-211X
Ulumuddin, Yaya Ihya
Sofue, Yuki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6229-3991
Uchiyama, Yuta https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7363-896X
Kohsaka, Ryo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6822-4340
Funding for this research was provided by:
Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (CBA2020-05SY-Kohsaka)
JST (JPMJPF2110)
JSPS KAKENHI (JP22H03852)
JSPS KAKENHI (JP21K18456)
University of Padjadjaran
Article History
Received: 4 November 2024
Accepted: 19 March 2025
First Online: 3 April 2025
Declarations
:
: Informed consent was obtained for all participants, who were assured that their involvement was voluntary and they could withdraw at any time. All data collected was anonymous and treated with confidentiality. The study design ensured proper protection for participants and followed similar protocol from our previous research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.