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Authors
Ranjan, Priya
Meher, Ashish Kumar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4904-7921
Sahu, Anindita
Panda, Prasant Kumar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2637-4073
Kumar, Pushp https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2355-1871
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Manipal University Jaipur
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Article History
Received: 11 March 2025
Accepted: 14 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: The study is based on secondary data from the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) , which is publicly available and anonymized. As this study involved secondary analysis of de-identified data, no separate ethical clearance was required. Not applicable, as the study used publicly available secondary data.
: Not applicable as no participants were involved.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
