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Article History

Received: 8 April 2025

Accepted: 30 September 2025

First Online: 28 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The Ethical Review Committee of the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, reviewed the study and waived the need for formal ethical approval. The research was conducted in accordance with the committee’s guidelines. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors affirm that participants provided consent for the publication of anonymized data derived from this study. No personally identifiable information is included in the manuscript.

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.