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Article History

Received: 14 April 2025

Accepted: 10 October 2025

First Online: 26 November 2025

Declarations

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: This research was conducted in compliance with ethical standards for studies involving human participants. The study involved two farmer associations and their members within the framework of a collaborative training and capacity-building initiative promoted by the local Chamber of Commerce. Although formal institutional ethics committee approval was not required under the university’s research policies for non-invasive, non-clinical social studies, all procedures were reviewed and validated by the doctoral supervisor and the participating institutions to ensure methodological and ethical rigor. The project adhered to the principles of voluntary participation, respect, transparency, and responsible data management, in accordance with national data protection regulations (Habeas Data Law, Colombia). Prior to data collection, all participants were informed about the academic purpose, scope, and voluntary nature of the study. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants and institutional representatives. This consent covered participation in the training and research activities, as well as the use of anonymized data for academic and publication purposes.

: All participants granted explicit written permission for the use of aggregated and anonymized data in academic publications. The authors affirm that no personally identifiable or sensitive information is disclosed in this article. The consent forms and related documentation are securely stored in accordance with institutional data management policies.

: The authors declare no competing interests.