Shahabuddin, M.
Rahman, Md Rezaur
Zulkifli, N. W. M.
Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin
Liang, Y. Y.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 10 October 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: We hereby declare that all authors have read and approved the final version of this manuscript and consent to its submission and publication in Discover Sustainability. We confirm that the work is original and has not been published or submitted elsewhere. All authors have given their consent to publish this work.
: The authors declare no competing interests.