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Article History

Received: 24 April 2025

Accepted: 31 October 2025

First Online: 25 November 2025

Change Date: 30 November 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The Data Availability statement has been updated.

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Scientific Council of the University of Economics and Finance, Ho Chi Minh City, under Decision No. 16/QĐ-HĐKH dated January 15, 2025. All procedures involving human participants were carried out in strict compliance with institutional guidelines and national ethical standards, as well as the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Participation was entirely voluntary, and participants were explicitly informed of their right to refuse or withdraw from the study at any time without facing any negative consequences.

: The authors confirm that all participants provided informed consent for the publication of anonymized data. The manuscript contains no identifying information, ensuring that the confidentiality and privacy of all participants were fully protected.

: The authors declare no competing interests.