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Authors
Hidayati, Dwi Ratna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-6419
de Vries, Walter Timo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1942-4714
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technische Universität München
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Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Chair of Land Management at the Technical University of Munich and by University of Trunojoyo Madura. All research activities were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its later amendments, which emphasize respect for individuals, informed consent, voluntary participation, and the protection of privacy and confidentiality. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study, ensuring they were fully aware of the study’s purpose, procedures, and their rights as respondents.
: There are no human-related figures or images in this study. All authors have provided their consent for the publication of this article.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
