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Article History

Received: 11 July 2025

Accepted: 28 November 2025

First Online: 10 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the [Research Committee /Is.C.IAU] at [Islamshahr branch of Islamic Azad University] in accordance with the relevant guidelines of the Environmental Sciences Research Center and Department of Agricultural Management. The committee waived the need for formal approval as the research involved anonymized survey data with no personal identifiers and posed no risk to participants. (Ref No: Is.C/143169301). Informed consent was obtained verbally from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study, as approved by the reviewing committee.

: Not applicable in this section.

: All methods were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations, including compliance with institutional and national standards for research involving human participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.