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Authors
Marlapa, Eri https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-0384
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Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 3 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Universitas Mercu Buana, in accordance with institutional guidelines and national regulations for research involving human participants. Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this study. No participants under the age of 18 were included.
: Participants provided consent for anonymized data to be used and published for academic research purposes.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
