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Authors
Yarmi, Gusti
Putra, ZE. Ferdi Fauzan
Sakmal, Juhana
Marini, Arita
Safitri, Desy
Dewiyani, Leola
Julia, Vera
Saputro, Rezeqi Hardam
Muharrani, Nindhita Priscillia
Marfu, Asep
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi
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Article History
Received: 13 September 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 21 March 2026
Declarations
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: The protocol of this study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Universitas Negeri Jakarta, under approval number Approval No. Approval No. 015/UNJ/I/2025, January 15, 2025, in accordance with the national research ethics guidelines of Indonesia. All procedures were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study. Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this study. For participants under the age of 18, consent was obtained from a parent and/or legal guardian.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
