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Authors
Amjad, Amjad Islam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-7526
Sheikh, Bisma Sajjad https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6166-013X
Aslam, Sarfraz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7414-7572
Muthukrishnan, Priyadarshini https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1545-0963
Khasawneh, Mohamad Ahmad Saleem https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1390-3765
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University (RGP 2/412/46)
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 17 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Before data collection, we obtained written informed consent from the study’s stakeholders.
: We conducted the research in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Committee of the School Education Department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan, approved the current study. The researchers obtained written consent from participants for their participation as volunteers.
