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Authors
Ansoriyah, Siti
Sarifah, Iva
Oktaviani, Reni
Muawanah, Uyu
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee (No. 221/UNJ/IV/2024, Approval Date: 11 April 2024) and adhered to the institutional ethical guidelines of Universitas Negeri Jakarta. All procedures aligned with the Declaration of Helsinki, including voluntary participation, informed consent, the right to withdraw, and strict protection of confidentiality. Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this study. For participants under the age of 18, consent was obtained from a parent and/or legal guardian.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
