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Authors
Taanaay, Abdirahman Mohamed Ali https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3518-2418
Wamono, Felix https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5230-3124
Asiimwe, John Bosco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9505-4957
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Article History
Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
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: Not applicable. This study uses publicly available secondary macroeconomic data and involves no human participants, animals, or identifiable personal data; therefore, institutional ethics approval was not required.
: Not applicable. The manuscript contains no individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
