Document is current

Article History

Received: 5 September 2025

Accepted: 18 March 2026

First Online: 5 April 2026

Declarations

:

: All participants provided informed consent for the publication of data derived from their responses in anonymized form, without the disclosure of personal identifying information.

: The protocol of this study was reviewed, and formal ethical approval was waived by the Institute of Research and Community Outreach at Petra Christian University, as the research involved non-sensitive survey data and posed no risk to participants. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the committee and the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the objectives and procedures of this study and voluntarily provided their informed consent prior to participation. Participation was optional, and confidentiality and anonymity of responses were maintained.

: The authors declare no competing interests.