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Authors
Alshaie, Fouzi Salem
Alshdokhi, Khaled Abdullah
Alrefaee, Yasser Mohammed Hamid Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-222X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha'il (RCP-25014)
Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha'il (RCP-25014)
Scientific Research Deanship at University of Ha'il (RCP-25014)
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 26 March 2026
First Online: 13 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) at the University of Ha’il, Saudi Arabia (Reference Number: H-2025-896, dated 22/09/2025). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
