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Authors
Awoke, Rahiel Walelgn https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1246-2176
Kimurto, Paul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5806-6614
Okello, Dickson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7867-3753
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Article History
Received: 7 August 2025
Accepted: 14 April 2026
First Online: 25 April 2026
Declarations
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: s: all procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the principles outlined in the declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval/clearance was obtained from Egerton University’s Institutional Scientific and Ethics Review committee (Approval No. EUISERC/APP/463/2025) and from the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) (Approval No. NACOSTI/P/25/4173781). Research involved human participants. Informed consent was obtained from all study participants, ensuring they were briefed on the research objectives and their rights as participants.
: all authors read the paper and agreed to publish.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
