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Article History

Received: 4 December 2025

Accepted: 7 May 2026

First Online: 2 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The study examined critical determinants required for adoption of Industry 5.0 via a structured questionnaire through expert opinions. Participation was voluntary, responses were anonymous and no sensitive personalised data were collected. Owing to the minimal risk nature of the study, formal ethical approval was deemed unnecessary under institutional guidelines. Informed consent for participation was obtained from all the individual participants involved in the study.

: The authors consent to publish this work and confirm that manuscript has not been published elsewhere.

: Informed consent for participation was obtained from all the individual participants involved in the study.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: No potential competing interests were declared by the authors.