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Authors
Anggraeni, Siti Asiyah https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5775-611X
Suhariadi, Fendy https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-2185
Nadia, Fiona Niska Dinda https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3900-6747
Aldhi, Ian Firstian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-180X
Rahmawati, Elvia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1757-8055
Hardaningtyas, Dwi https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0366-3562
Sugiarti, Rini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6277-0241
Abbas, Ansar https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-1920
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Article History
Received: 29 August 2025
Accepted: 12 May 2026
First Online: 29 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study has received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Universitas Airlangga with approval number 3813/B/UN3.SPS/I/PT.01.05/2024. The approval was granted for the research entitled “Model Sustainable Competitive Advantage pada Rumah Sakit Kelas C di Wilayah Tapal Kuda Jawa Timur” on October 7th, 2024. All research procedures were conducted in accordance with applicable ethical standards and guidelines for research involving human participants.Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were provided with adequate information regarding the purpose and procedures of the research, and their participation was entirely voluntary. Participants had the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences.
Consent for publication: Not Applicable.
Competing interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
