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Article History

Received: 9 December 2025

Accepted: 18 May 2026

First Online: 5 June 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Research Ethical Review Board (IRERB) of the University of Gondar (Ref. No: VP/RTT/05/475/2024). All procedures were conducted in accordance with IRERB guidelines, the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and relevant national research ethics standards. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. As all participants were literate and above 18 years of age, written consent was secured following a clear explanation of the study’s objectives, procedures, potential risks, and anticipated benefits. Participation was entirely voluntary, and participants were informed of their right to withdraw at any stage without consequence.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Positionality: The authors have no personal or professional relationships with study participants.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.