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Authors
Mazhar, Maahum
Mahmood, Ahsan
ud din, Arif
Haleem, Muhammad
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Article History
Received: 29 November 2025
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 14 June 2026
Declarations
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: This research study was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee of Capital University of Science & Technology; however, reference number (No. CUST/ORIC/20231107). This approval confirms that the study meets national and international guidelines for research on humans. Consent was obtained from all participants in written form prior to their involvement in the study. This process ensured that participants were fully aware of the research objectives, procedures, and their rights.
: All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors consent to its publication in the journal if accepted.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
