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Article History

Received: 1 February 2026

Accepted: 20 May 2026

First Online: 15 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study involving human participants was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India. As the study involved minimal risk and anonymous participation, a formal approval number was not issued. The research was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the approving institution and in compliance with relevant national and international guidelines for research involving human participants, including the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were informed about the purpose of the research, the voluntary nature of participation, confidentiality assurances, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Consent was obtained electronically prior to survey participation and verbally prior to the qualitative interviews.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.