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Article History

Received: 8 November 2025

Accepted: 15 May 2026

First Online: 6 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The study received ethical approval from the University Ethics Committee, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, with administrative endorsement from the Director of Research and Extension, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology. The study protocol, participant information sheet, informed consent form, detailed questionnaire, and investigation plan were submitted to the committee for review. Approval was granted under Ref: DRE/8/EC/2026/007. The research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable national research ethics regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before inclusion in the study. Participants were provided with written information about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits, confidentiality protections, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Participants who were able to sign provided written informed consent. For participants who were unable to sign, the ethics committee approved an alternative documented procedure (witnessed verbal consent recorded in writing), and this approved procedure was followed and recorded. Copies of signed consent forms and records of any approved alternative consent procedures are retained by the investigators and were submitted to the University Ethics Committee as part of the approval process.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants to publish the information/images in an online open-access publication, with all data anonymized prior to publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.