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Authors
Khan, Muhammad Hamza
Tanveer, Muhammad
Ahmad, Hafiz Muhammad Sikandar
Khan, Muhammad Faizan
Talmoudi, Ramzi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU-DDRSP2502)
This work was supported and funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU-DDRSP2502)
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Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 16 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in public sector hospitals in Pakistan. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of DHQ Hospital Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan (Approval No. DHQHM/AO/1277). The study procedures complied with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Although the study received funding support from Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia, the university was not the site of participant recruitment or data collection. Therefore, ethical oversight was appropriately obtained from the local Pakistani healthcare institution where the research was conducted. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants for the publication of this study. No personally identifiable information is included in the manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
