Salifu, Iddrisu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-5941
Arthur, Francis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7792-6563
Loglo, Eric Shynada https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1028-9630
Anaisie, Francis Tawiah https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7792-2691
Adama, Zakariya Kuupah https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3914-1427
Nortey, Sharon Abam https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9017-4440
Article History
Received: 31 January 2026
Accepted: 10 June 2026
First Online: 18 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This study was conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association, 2013) as applicable to non-interventional social science survey research, with no experimental manipulation. Ethical approval was obtained from the the University of Cape Coast’s Institutional Review Board (IRB) prior to data collection.
Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all participants before their involvement. Participants were fully informed of the study’s purpose, voluntary nature, and confidential handling of their responses. As all participants were higher education students aged 18 years and above, informed consent from parents or legally authorised representatives was not required.
Consent to publish: Not Applicable.
Clinical trial number: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.